Ciências Humanas e Sociais

Lista das normas e princípios de Direito Internacional violados pelos Estados Unidos como força ocupante

Os Estados Unidos não se limitaram a cometer uma acto de guerra, contrariando princípios já estabelecidos e largamente consagrados nos mais variados documentos de Direito Internacional e nas relações internacionais.

Acontece que, enquanto força ocupante de um país estrangeiro, e no exercício dessa função, as forças armadas dos Estados Unidos da América, assim como as outras forças ocupantes, têm ainda violado sistemáticamente, de forma directa ou cúmplice, uma quantidade enorme de princípios, normas e obrigações de direito internacional .

Indicam-se a seguir algumas dessas declarações onde constam essas normas e princípios que têm sido grosseiramente violados pelas forças ocupantes, à frente das quais os Estados Unidos da América:

· Charter of the United Nations

· Universal Declaration of Human Rights

· International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

· International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

· Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

· Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty

· Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

· General Assembly resolution 1803 (XVII) of 14 December 1962, “Permanent sovereignty over natural resources”

· Declaration on the Elimination of All Forms of Intole
rance and of Discrimination based on Religion or Belief

· Declaration on Fundamental Principles concerning the Contribution to the Mass Media to Strengthening Peace and International Understanding, to the Promotion of Human Rights and to Countering Racialism, Apartheid and Incitement to War

· Declaration on the Protection of Women and Children in Emergency and Armed Conflict

· Declaration on the Rights of the Child

· Convention on the Rights of the Child

· Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners

· Basic Principles for the Treatment of Prisoners

· Body of Principles for the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Detention or Imprisonment

· Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Being Subjected to Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

· Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

· Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

· Principles on the Effective Investigation and Documentation of Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment

· Declaration of Basic Principles of Justice for Victims of Crime and Abuse of Power

· Basic Principles on the Independence of the Judiciary

· Declaration on the Protection of All Persons from Enforced
Disappearances· Principles on the Effective Prevention and Investigation of Extra-legal, Arbitrary and Summary Executions

· Declaration on Social Progress and Development

· Universal Declaration on the Eradication of Hunger and Malnutrition

· Declaration on the Use of Scientific and Technological Progress in the Interests of Peace and for the Benefit of Mankind

· Declaration on the Right of Peoples to Peace

· Declaration on the Right to Development

· Declaration of the Principles of International Cultural Co-operation

· Recommendation concerning Education for International Understanding, Co-operation and Peace and Education relating to Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms

· Convention on the Non-Applicability of Statutory Limitations to War Crimes and Crimes against Humanity

· Principles of international co-operation in the detection, arrest, extradition and punishment of persons guilty of war crimes and crimes against humanity

· Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in Armed Forces in the Field

· Geneva Convention relative to the Treatment of Prisoners of War
· Geneva Convention relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War

· Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I)

- Os Crimes Contra A Paz E Os Princípios De Nuremberga
In 1950 U.N. International Law Commission adopted the Nuremberg Principles. The basic premise of the principles is that no person, no matter what their office, stands above international law. Principle I Any person who commits an act which constitutes...

- A Execução De Saddam Hussein Foi Mais Um Crime De Guerra Por Parte Do Exército Dos Eua
Não às tiranias, nem à pena de morte,e muito menos às guerras que pretendem levar a falsa «liberdade» aos outros… A propósito da farsa de julgamento de Saddam e do seu assassinato às mãos dos invasores norte-americanos o que é urgente e necessário...

- 2006 Será O Ano Internacional Dos Desertos E Da Desertificação
As Nações Unidas declararam 2006 o Ano Internacional dos Desertos e da Desertificação, decisão que visa alertar para a proliferação não natural da desertificação em várias partes do globo e que pretende promover medidas e acções que possam...

- Petição Para Acusar A Administração Bush Por Crimes De Guerra
Petition To Prosecute U.S. War Criminals: PROSECUTION OF WAR CRIMES & WAR CRIMINALS: We the undersigned, condemn the Bush Administration for it's illegal War on Iraq and the so-called War on Terror. We the undersigned, believe that the Bush Administration...

- Conferencia Sobre Prisões E Penologia Na Tasmânia Em 2006
Vai-se realizar na Tasmânia, Austrália uma Conferencia internacional sobre as prisões e penologia, sob o tema The Politics of Imprisonment, Contemporary Forms of Penal Custom, Post Carceral Resettlement and others. Tasmania is an ideal place to...

Ciências Humanas e Sociais